European Energy
EU Global Gateway Strategy in Africa: Challenging China’s Belt and Road Infrastructure Monopoly
Muhammad Abraham
For the EU Global Gateway strategy in Africa, Europe is investing money into ports, rail lines, and mineral deals across ...
Pipeline Geopolitics and Energy Interdependence in Global Relations
Muhammad Abraham
Pipelines are buried underground, mostly invisible, and they cross borders through valleys and mountains without fanfare. But they might be ...
Middle Corridor Importance for China-Europe Trade and Why Central Asia Wins
Muhammad Abraham
The Middle Corridor, officially known as the Trans-Caspian International Transport Route (TITR), is a multimodal trade network. It links western ...
Russia Sanctions Impact on Global Economy and Everyday Life
Muhammad Abraham
When the US and EU first sanctioned Russia after the Crimea annexation in March 2014, and then escalated those sanctions ...
